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Glossary of Terms Anti-virus Software: Software that protects computers from viruses and other malicious software/code, including those that can destroy data, steal private information, and affect computer performance. Browser The program that serves as your front end to the World Wide Web on the Internet. Microsoft Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator and Mozilla Firefox are three popular browsers. When a site says, "best viewed by Netscape Navigator", "best viewed by Internet Explorer," or "best viewed by Mozilla Firefox," it means that the pages were programmed for that particular browser. Using other browsers may ignore some of the page's fancy features until a subsequent release supports them. Top In computing, a cookie is a small text file stored on a user's computer by a web browser. Cookies can consist of information such as user preferences, shopping cart contents, identifiers for server-based sessions, or other data used by websites. Encryption The scrambling of data into a secret code that can be read only by software set to decode the information. Firewall A method to prevent unauthorized Internet users from accessing private computers or networks, utliizing software and/or hardward to examine messages and blocking those that do not meet a specified set of security criteria. It can be implemented in a single router that filters out unwanted packets, or it may use a combination of technologies in routers and hosts. Firewalls are widely used to give users access to the Internet in a secure fashion as well as to separate a company's public Web server from its internal network. They are also used to keep internal network segments secure. Following are the types of techniques used individually or in combination to provide firewall protection:
Identity Theft Fraud that involves a criminal stealing another's personal information in order to steal money, open new credit or debit cards, and commit other crimes using the stolen identity. Keylogging Keystroke logging, or Keylogging, is a special type of virus that can capture keystrokes such as login IDs, passwords and security answers. Keylogging viruses are typically downloaded via a fraudulent email containing an attachment. Phishing A fraudulent process of attempting to acquire private information such as usernames, passwords and account numbers by impersonating a trustworthy entity and sending out mass email communications. Emails typically contain an urgent message requesting recipients to click a link within the email which directs them to a fake website to enter personal information in order verify credentials, activate an account or respond to a possible breach in the recipient's security. Router A device that forwards data packets from one local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN) to another. Based on routing tables and routing protocols, routers read the network address in each transmitted frame and make a decision on how to send it based on the most expedient route (traffic load, line costs, speed, bad lines, etc.). SSL/ Secure Sockets Layer The leading security protocol on the Internet. When an SSL session is started, the browser sends its public key to the server so that the server can securely send a secret key to the browser. The browser and server exchange data via secret key encryption during that session. Developed by Netscape, SSL has been merged with other protocols and authentication methods by the IETF into a new protocol known as Transport Layer Security (TLS). Click here for more online security terms and definitions
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